Chelsea had just 37% possession at Wembley and scored two of their three shots on goal - with both being deflected beyond Hugo Lloris.
But Cahill, who returned to the side with Kurt Zouma moving into midfield, says it was amazing to win the club's first trophy in Jose Mourinho's second spell in charge.
"It was difficult, as we knew it would be, on a big pitch against a good team," he said.
"The first half was tough but I thought we deserved it in the end.
"We worked hard for each other and sometimes when you work hard you get what you deserve: 2-0, a clean sheet and we’ve won the cup.
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Gary Cahill says Chelsea weren't defensive
The first half was tough but I thought we deserved it in the end. We worked hard for each other and sometimes when you work hard you get what you deserve: 2-0, a clean sheet and we’ve won the cup
Gary Cahill
"It wasn’t defensive even though we played Kurt in midfield.
"Most of the time we play with two defensive midfielders but we only played with one, which freed up Cesc and Ramires to get forward a bit more.
"It wasn’t defensive as a set-up but defensively we were very solid.
"It’s an amazing feeling to win another trophy, especially for myself as it’s one I haven’t won before, and it feels just as nice as the others.
"I’ve got one more to go but I’m just delighted for the club, delighted for the fans and delighted for every single player that was involved, not just today but from the start of the competition."
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